Deforestation, table of contents
Chapter 1. Effects of Deforestation …………………………….1
Rates of Deforestation * Lungs of the Earth * Biodiversity * Extinction * Forest Products * Medicine from the Forest * Climate Change * Reduced Rainfall * Global Warming * Kyoto Protocol * Carbon Credits * Floods and Droughts * Erosion, Siltation and Sedimentation * Desertification
Chapter 2. Population Pressures………………………………35
Population and Forest * Population and Food Supply * Transmigration * Indigenous People * Stabilized Population
Chapter 3. Timber Harvesting…………………………………53
Politics and Patronage * Asian Invasion * Logging Roads * Fragmentation * Selective Logging * Clear Cutting * Forest Product Certification * Sustainable Forest Management * Social Forestry * Buying the Forests * Private Forest * Chainsaws * Rights of the Indigenous People * Plights of the Forest Workers * Mangrove Harvesting * Government Subsidy * Japan’s Role in Deforestation
Chapter 4. Illegal Logging………………………………..…… 97
Prevalence * Impact of Illegal Logging * Timber Smuggling * Licensed Loggers * Total Log Ban * Nongovernmental Organizations * War and Insurgency * Government Sanctions
Chapter 5. Agriculture…………………………………..……129
Shifting Cultivation * Cash Crop Agriculture * Bitter Sugar * Coffee and Tea * Soybean Connection * Banana Connection * Cotton * Oil Palm * Cocoa * Tobacco and Cocaine * Sustainable Agriculture * Land Reform * Agroforestry * Hydroponics
Chapter 6. Fuelwood………………………………….……….159
Unabated Demand * Community Woodlots * Charcoal * Biomass * Animal Dung * Cooking
Chapter 7. Cattle Raising…………………………….……….175
Cattle Ranching * Hamburger Connection * Greenhouse Gases
Chapter 8. Forest Fires………………………………..………183
Causes of Forest Fires * Frequency and Effects of Forest Fires * Amazon * Indonesia * Russia * Health Risks * Mitigating the Forest Fires
Chapter 9. Oil and Mine Explorations………………………193
Mining * Gold Mining * Nickel Mining * Oil Explorations * Future Oil Prospect
Chapter 10. Development Projects………………..…………205
Sustainable Development * Financial Institutions * Equator Principles * Hydroelectric Dams * Soil Degradation * Destruction of Forests * Golf Courses
Chapter 11. Air Pollution……………………………….…….221
Acid Rain * Effects on Trees * Methane * Ozone * Solutions
Chapter 12. Other Natural Forces………………………..….229
Destructive Pests and Diseases * Pesticides * Volcanic Activity * Storms
Chapter 13. Wood Products…………………………….……235
Housing Industry * Plywood * Non-wood Substitutes * Composite Woods * Furniture * Disposable Chopsticks * Bamboo * Coffins
Chapter 14. Paper Products……………………….…….……251
Wood Pulp * Substitutes for Making Papers * Recycling Paper * Hemp * Kenaf * Dung Paper * Paper Use * Cashless Society * Newspapers * Paperless Communications * Packaging
Chapter 15. Conservation and Reforestation………………..277
Conservation * Reforestation * Monitoring * Supertrees * Goldman Prize * Parks and Reserves * Ecotourism * Urban Forests * NGOs and Foundations * Debt-for-Nature Swap
Endnotes
Index